The human ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC)/anterior cingulate cortex is implicated in
reward and emotion, but also in memory. It is shown how the human orbitofrontal cortex …

A growing preclinical and clinical body of work on the effects of chronic drug use and drug
addiction has extended the scope of inquiry from the putative reward-related subcortical …

Adaptive reward-related decision making requires accurate prospective consideration of the
specific outcome of each option and its current desirability. These mental simulations are …

Social signals can serve as potent emotional triggers with powerful impacts on processes
from cognition to valence processing. How are social signals dynamically and flexibly …

Self-regulation is instantiated by theta oscillations (4 to 8 Hz) in neurons of frontal midline
brain regions. Frontal midline theta (FMΘ) is inversely associated with default mode network …

Flow is a cognitive state that manifests when there is complete attentional absorption while
performing a task. Flow occurs when certain internal as well as external conditions are …

Reward and punishment motivate decision making and behavioral changes. Numerous
studies have examined regional activities during anticipation and outcome of win and loss in …

Loneliness is strongly related to affective dysregulation. However, the neuropsychological
mechanisms underpinning the loneliness-affective processing relationships remain unclear …

Nostalgia arises from tender and yearnful reflection on meaningful life events or important
persons from one's past. In the last two decades, the literature has documented a variety of …

As a critical node connecting the forebrain with the midbrain, the lateral habenula (LHb)
processes negative feedback in response to aversive events and plays an essential role in …