Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has stimulated tremendous
efforts to develop therapeutic strategies that target severe acute respiratory syndrome …

Patients who have recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection may
experience chronic fatigue when exercising, despite no obvious heart or lung abnormalities …

Major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules, which are dimers of a
glycosylated polymorphic transmembrane heavy chain and the small-protein β2 …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of
COVID-19, is a highly transmittable and pathogenic human coronavirus that first emerged in …

Mitochondria play a central role in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), bioenergetics
linked with ATP production, fatty acids biosynthesis, calcium signaling, cell cycle regulation …

SARS-CoV-2, the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic, possesses eleven accessory proteins
encoded in its genome. Their roles during infection are still not completely understood. In …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to evolve and
adapt after its emergence in late 2019. As the causative agent of the coronavirus disease …

Small animal models have been a challenge for the study of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, with
most investigators using golden hamsters or ferrets. Mice have the advantages of low cost …

The recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 is characterized by …

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance in the understanding of the biology
of SARS-CoV-2. After more than two years since the first report of COVID-19, it remains …