Disorders of central nervous system (CNS) disorders are considered serious health issues.
The most common CNS diseases include neurodegenerative diseases, mental disorders …

Neurodegenerative processes encompass a large variety of diseases with different
pathological patterns and clinical features, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases …

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that targets the kidney directly in the body. Chrysin
(CHR) is a natural flavonoid with many properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and …

Cadmium is a heavy metal that increasingly contaminates food and drink products. Once
ingested, cadmium exerts toxic effects that pose a significant threat to human health. The …

Significant levels of flavonoids with antioxidant properties can be found in citrus species.
Flavonoids are a class of plant chemical known for a wide range of pharmacological …

Caffeine is a naturally occurring alkaloid found in various plants. It acts as a stimulant,
antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and even an aid in pain management, and is found in several …

Cadmium (Cd) produces cognition decline following single and repeated treatment,
although the complete mechanisms are still unrevealed. Basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic …

Excess molybdenum (Mo) and cadmium (Cd) are harmful to animals, but the neurotoxic
mechanism co-induced by Mo and Cd is unclear. To estimate the effects of Mo and Cd co …

The heat shock response (HSR) is a cellular protective mechanism that is characterized by
the induction of heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) in …

Oxidative stress plays an important role in cognitive dysfunctions and is seen in
neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has been reported that the polyphenolic …