Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and oncosomes, are nano-
sized particles enclosed by a lipid bilayer. EVs are released by virtually all eukaryotic cells …

Blood–brain barrier (BBB) interface with multicellular structure controls strictly the entry of
varied circulating macromolecules from the blood-facing surface into the brain parenchyma …

Neuron-derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs) are potential biomarkers of neurological
diseases although their reliable molecular target is not well established. Here, we …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as critical mediators of intercellular
communication and promising biomarkers and therapeutics in the central nervous system …

Intracortical microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are used to record neural activity. However, their
implantation initiates a neuroinflammatory cascade, involving the accumulation of reactive …

Astrocytes, the most abundant group of glia cells in the brain, provide support for neurons
and indicate multiple various functions in the central nervous system (CNS). Growing data …

Background Endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) are critical for the remyelination of axons
following spinal cord injury (SCI). Cell–cell communication plays a key role in the regulation …

There is increasing evidence showing that microglia play a critical role in mediating synapse
formation and spine growth, although the molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, we …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed nanoparticles that contain various
biomolecules, including nucleic acids, proteins and lipids, and are manufactured and …

Emerging evidence suggests that brain derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and particles
(EPs) can cross blood-brain barrier and mediate communication among neurons, astrocytes …