Jacking force prediction is essential for pipe jacking construction, especially when facing
randomness, uncertainty, and nonlinear conditions, which is a challenge for most analysis …

Soft soil has the characteristics of high compressibility, large void ratio, and strong structure.
Therefore, it is more likely to cause surface subsidence or even surface cracking and …

Under weak geological conditions, soil deformation and surface settlement are the key
factors affecting the success of shallow-buried rectangular excavation. To investigate this …