CityGML (City Geography Markup Language) is the most investigated standard in the
integration of building information modeling (BIM) and the geographic information system …

With the development of digital city and smart city construction, the City Information Model
(CIM) has played a critical role as a container of spatial–temporal data to establish the …

The construction sector in China released 5.08 billion tons of CO 2 in 2020, which
accounted for 50.9% of national carbon emissions. With the establishment of a clean energy …

As a widely accepted urban geographical analysis data format, CityGML proposed different
levels of details (LOD) for buildings, and LOD2 is the most recognized level for various …

The accurate assessment of proper value in complex and increasingly high-rise urban
environments is a significant challenge. Previous research has identified property value as a …

The application of BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology in the field of
transportation infrastructure digitization is the current development trend. However, the …

With the diversification of three-dimensional (3D) urban space data sources and data
collection methods, the Open Geospatial Consortium published 3D spatial data standards in …

Designing sustainable buildings requires the orchestration of analysis processes throughout
a building's lifecycle. The siloing of disciplinary knowledge, tools and processes can mean …

Yapı bilgi modellemesi (YBM) ve coğrafi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) entegrasyonu; yapı ve tesis
planlama ve yönetimi, akıllı şehirler ve mekânsal dijital ikiz gibi uygulamalar için kritik …

In the era of connections and information and communication technologies, the building
industry is facing the challenge of digitization at the building and urban scale. Several …