The 5G RAN functions can be virtualized and distributed across the radio unit (RU),
distributed unit (DU), and centralized unit (CU) to facilitate flexible resource management …

In order to meet mobile cellular users' ever-increasing data demands, today's 4G and 5G
wireless networks are designed mainly with the goal of maximizing spectral efficiency. While …

Aerial base stations (ABSs) have emerged as a promising solution to meet the high traffic
demands of future wireless networks. Nevertheless, their practical implementation requires …

Base station (BS) sleeping, a promising technique to address the growing energy
consumption in wireless communication networks, encounters challenges such as coverage …

The energy efficiency of 5G and beyond 5G (B5G) networks is critical for reducing the high
operational expenditure (OPEX) of mobile network operators. In 5G RAN, functional split …

In this paper, we study the spectrum efficiency (SE), energy efficiency (EE), and economic
efficiency (ECE) for a heterogeneous cellular architecture that separates the indoor and …

The increasing total energy consumption of information and communication technology
(ICT) poses the challenge of developing sustainable solutions in the area of distributed …

With more human activities operated at the seas within miles to the coast, off-shore maritime
communications has been attracted researchers' attention. Different from territorial wireless …

The 5G RAN functions can be virtualized and distributed across the radio unit (RU),
distributed unit (DU), and centralized unit (CU) to facilitate flexible resource management …

Abstract The Internet-of-Things (IoT) is widely regarded as a transformative and promising
paradigm, marking a revolutionary shift in the way that technology interacts with the world …