[HTML][HTML] Tunnelling-induced ground surface settlement: A comprehensive review with particular attention to artificial intelligence technologies

G Niu, X He, H Xu, S Dai - Natural Hazards Research, 2023 - Elsevier
Shallow tunnels in urban areas are close to adjacent buildings and municipal pipelines.
Ground surface settlement (GSS) due to tunnelling can cause damage to those …

Pressure model study on synchronous grouting in shield tunnels considering the temporal variation in grout viscosity

J Ma, A Sun, A Jiang, N Guo, X Liu, J Song, T Liu - Applied Sciences, 2023 - mdpi.com
The grout pressure in the shield tunnel tail void during synchronous grouting is the key to
controlling ground settlement and restraining the segment. However, the circumferential …

A fractal model for the tunneling-induced ground surface settlement

Y Mei, X Tian, X Li, CH He, AA Alsolami - FRACTALS (fractals), 2023 - ideas.repec.org
The Gaussian function was initially adopted to model the tunneling-induced ground surface
settlement, but it could not describe the porosity’ s effect on the settlement. To solve the …