We argue that the relationship between authoritarian elections and repression depends on
the electoral system in use. Proportional representation (PR) systems co-opt more …

Does foreign interference help or harm protest movements? An extensive literature has
debated this question but focuses on observational data, obscuring a crucial mechanism for …

By influencing beliefs about electoral quality, international election observation missions
(EOMs) play an important role in shaping post-election contention. As the number and …

Abstract usaid democracy promotion programs might not only influence the democracy
levels, but also increase the likelihood of revolutionary uprisings in the recipient states …

Corruption is a ubiquitous problem, but implementing serious anti-corruption measures is
politically hard–the backlash from the corrupt is certain, but the broader political benefits are …

Corruption in healthcare is widespread and consequential. Informal payments (IPs) are a
common form of petty corruption, especially in low‐and middle‐income countries. Using …

Resumen¿ Por qué algunos regímenes autoritarios mejoran el desarrollo humano mientras
que otros no lo hacen? A pesar del avance en las investigaciones que explican diferentes …

Previous research finds a positive association between electoral fraud and post-election
protests, violence, and civil conflict. This article contends that the effect of electoral fraud on …

Is international pressure for democracy effective in authoritarian regimes? While research
indicates that international efforts can help solidify transitions in new or fragile democracies …

Political survival is the key goal of any authoritarian leader. 1 In the uncertain world of
authoritarian politics, however, it is never assured. The risk of overthrow–whether at the …