As a river of great strategic significance in China, the ecological governance of the Yellow
River is an important issue. As a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) problem …

Due to the urgent nature of emergency decision making, it is necessary to reach the
consensus requirement quickly. Ordinal consensus measure explores the relation between …

Given the increasing scarcity of water resources, especially climate change, the adoption of
water-efficient irrigation systems (ISs) is becoming increasingly important. Drip irrigation …

The ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator was proposed by Yager back in 1988 and
constitutes a parameterized family of aggregation functions between the minimum and the …

Heterogeneous multi-attribute group decision making (HMAGDM) is a kind of complex
decision making problem, which exists widely in reality. The purpose of this paper is to …

An improved consensus mechanism is designed with decision-makers (DMs) to pursue the
possibility of working with different partial agreements on the evaluations of alternatives …

As a novel linguistic representation tool, flexible linguistic expression (FLE) has substantial
flexibility in expressing ambiguous and uncertain information from experts. However, FLEs …

Decision-makers encounter heightened challenges in analyzing risks due to the intricate
nature and uncertainty inherent in complex product delivery scenarios. To address these …

Sports tourism represents a novel industrial manifestation of the profound integration
between the tourism and sports sectors. The objective of this research is to examine an …

Group decision making (GDM) is common in real world. Distributed preference relation
(DPR) is suitable for capturing the original preference information of decision makers (DMs) …