Background The prevalence of bacterial infection in patients with COVID-19 is low, however,
empiric antibiotic use is high. Risk stratification may be needed to minimize unnecessary …

Importance Observational (nonexperimental) studies that aim to emulate a randomized trial
(ie, the target trial) are increasingly informing medical and policy decision-making, but it is …

Objectives In severe COVID-19 pneumonia, the appropriate timing and dosing of
corticosteroids (CS) is not known. Patient subgroups for which CS could be more beneficial …

Dexamethasone and tocilizumab have been associated with reduction in mortality, however,
the beneficial effect is not for all patients and the impact on viral replication is not well …

Introduction We conducted a comprehensive literature review to synthesize evidence for the
relationship between corticosteroid use and mortality in patients with COVID-19. Methods …

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of corticosteroids for treating hospitalized COVID-19
patients. Materials & methods: Efficacy outcomes included time to negative SARS-CoV-2 …

Introduction While guidelines stronglyrecommend dexamethasone in critical COVID-19, the
optimal threshold to initiate corticosteroids in non-critically ill patients with COVID-19 …

Objective To assess the effectiveness of corticosteroids among older adults with coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia requiring oxygen. Methods We used routine care data …

1 Department of Internal Medicine, Antonio Fraga Mouret Specialty Hospital, La Raza
National Medical Center of the Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City, Mexico 2 …

Suffocation syndrome is the leading cause of hypoxia and mortality in the most common
lung diseases, asthma and COVID-19. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) have been shown to …