The paper introduces a new perspective on abstract concepts (eg “freedom”) and their
associate words representation, the Words As social Tools (WAT) view. Traditional theories …

Abstract Abstract concepts (“freedom”) differ from concrete ones (“cat”), as they do not have
a bounded, identifiable, and clearly perceivable referent. The way in which abstract …

Humans live in a perceptual world. All of humanity's accomplishments, from agriculture to
space travel, depend on us being able to interact with the world through seeing, feeling …

Despite overwhelming scientific consensus, millions of Americans fail to view climate
change as a pressing threat. How can we address this disconnect between science and …

Business model research has largely focused on business models as real entities, as
cognitive and linguistic schema, and as formal representations. Although such research has …

A large number of experimental findings from neuroscience and experimental psychology
demonstrated interactions between spatial cognition and numerical cognition. In particular …

Despite its many twists and turns, the arc of cognitive science generally bends toward
progress, thanks to its interdisciplinary nature. By glancing at the last few decades of …

Studies of gestural communication systems find that they originate from spontaneously
created iconic gestures. Yet, we know little about how people create vocal communication …

Deictic time words like “yesterday” and “tomorrow” pose a challenge to children not only
because they are abstract, and label periods in time, but also because their denotations vary …

One key issue for theories of cognition is how abstract concepts, such as freedom, are
represented. According to the WAT (Words As social Tools) proposal, abstract concepts …