The neurotransmitter dopamine is a key factor in central nervous system (CNS) function,
regulating many processes including reward, movement, and cognition. Dopamine also …

Parkinson disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder that affects as many
as 1–2% of persons aged 60 years and older. With the aging of the population, the …

GTP cyclohydrolase 1, encoded by the GCH1 gene, is an essential enzyme for dopamine
production in nigrostriatal cells. Loss-of-function mutations in GCH1 result in severe …

Several studies have described functional interactions between opioid and cannabinoid
receptors; the underlying mechanism (s) have not been well explored. One possible …

Parkinson disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disease that affects approximately 1
million persons in the United States. Current therapies provide effective control of symptoms …

Background and Purpose—Inflammatory injury plays a critical role in intracerebral
hemorrhage (ICH)–induced secondary brain injury. Recently, dopamine D2 receptor …

The predominant motor features of Parkinson's disease (PD) are caused by degeneration of
dopaminergic neurones and can be reversed in part or whole by dopamine replacement or …

The development of a neuroprotective therapy that slows, stops, or reverses
neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) is the single most important unresolved …

This review article considers the question of whether or not levodopa is toxic in Parkinson's
disease (PD). l‐dopa is the most effective symptomatic treatment for PD and has provided …

There is currently no cure for Parkinson's disease. The symptomatic therapeutic strategy
essentially relies on dopamine replacement whose efficacy was demonstrated more than 50 …