Degenerative disc disease is a common manifestation in routine imaging of the spine; this
finding is partly attributable to physiological aging and partly to a pathological condition, and …

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) has been widely known as a main contributor to low
back pain which has a negative socioeconomic impact worldwide. However, the underlying …

Abstract Background/Objective Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IVDD) that greatly
affected by regional biomechanical environment is a major cause of low back pain …

Biomaterials for nucleus pulposus (NP) replacement and regeneration have great potential
to restore normal biomechanics in degenerated intervertebral discs following nucleotomy …

Objective Mechanical stress is an important risk factor for intervertebral disc degeneration
(IVDD). Angiopoietin‐2 (ANG‐2) is regulated by mechanical stress and is widely involved in …

Background. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is one of the major causes of low back
pain and motor deficiency. Nucleus pulposus (NP) degeneration plays a key role in the …

The annulus fibrosus (AF), a permeable, hydrated, and fiber-reinforced soft tissue, exhibits
complex responses influenced by fluid pressure, osmotic pressure, and structural …

Many early stage interventions for intervertebral disc degeneration are under development
involving injection of a biomaterial into the affected tissue. Due to the complex mechanical …

Finite element models are useful for investigating internal intervertebral disc (IVD)
behaviours without using disruptive experimental techniques. Simplified geometries are …

Introduction: Nucleus replacement has been proposed as a treatment to restore
biomechanics and relieve pain in degenerate intervertebral discs (IVDs). Multiple nucleus …