Inflammation is viewed as one of the major causes for the development of different diseases
like cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis …

The purine nucleoside adenosine is consensually identified as a major local regulator of
tissue function especially when energy supply fails to meet cellular energy demand. Due to …

Background Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) have proved disappointing at reducing airway
inflammation in COPD. However, previous studies indicate that low doses of theophylline …

Theophylline (3-methyxanthine) is a historically prominent drug used to treat respiratory
diseases, alone or in combination with other drugs. The rapid onset of the COVID-19 …

In April 2010, the European Medicines Agency Committee for Medicinal Products for Human
Use recommended approval of roflumilast, a selective phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, for the …

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterised by an
abnormal inflammatory response mainly to cigarette smoke that flares up during …

Theophylline is an oral methylxanthine bronchodilator recommended as alternate therapy
for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it …

Obstructive airway diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) are major global health issues. Although considered as distinct diseases, airway …

Background Airway inflammation, especially neutrophilic airway inflammation, is a cardinal
pathophysiologic feature in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The …

Plant alkaloids are found in foods, beverages, and supplements consumed by athletes for
daily nutrition, performance enhancement, and immune function improvement. This paper …