Plants have evolved a large number of cell surface-resident receptor-like kinases (RLKs)
and receptor-like proteins (RLPs), many of which are implicated in sensing extrinsic and …

When plants emerged from their aquatic origins to colonise land, they needed to avoid
desiccation while still enabling gas and water exchange with the environment. The solution …

Many phytopathogens secrete cell wall degradation enzymes (CWDEs) to damage host
cells and facilitate colonization. As the major components of the plant cell wall, cellulose and …

Plants employ dynamic molecular networks to control development in response to
environmental changes, yet the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here we …

An efficient callus induction and in vitro regeneration were developed using plant growth
regulators, carbon sources, and basal media for three selected Malaysian wetland rice …

Crosstalk among phytohormones is crucial for balancing plant growth and adjustment to
various environments. Abscisic acid (ABA) and brassinosteroids (BRs) exhibit antagonistic …

Accompanying the process of growth and development, plants are exposed to ever-
changing environments, which consequently trigger abiotic or biotic stress responses. The …

Plant plasma membrane localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) detect extracellular
pathogen-associated molecules. PRRs such as Arabidopsis EFR and rice XA21 are …

The complex roles of the steroid hormone brassinosteroids (BRs) in many different yield-and
stress-related traits make it difficult to utilize the hormones for crop improvement. Here, we …

A large number of pathogenic microorganisms cause rice diseases that lead to enormous
yield losses worldwide. Such losses are important because rice is a staple food for more …