Fear is an adaptive component of the acute “stress” response to potentially-dangerous
(external and internal) stimuli which threaten to perturb homeostasis. However, when …

The role of serotonin in major depressive disorder (MDD) is the focus of accumulating
clinical and preclinical research. The results of these studies reflect the complexity of …

To better understand the molecular mechanisms of depression and antidepressant action,
we administered chronic social defeat stress followed by chronic imipramine (a tricyclic …

Despite abundant expression of DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) in brain, the regulation
and behavioral role of DNA methylation remain poorly understood. We found that Dnmt3a …

The mechanisms that determine how information is allocated to specific regions and cells in
the brain are important for memory capacity, storage and retrieval, but are poorly …

Given that cocaine induces neuroadaptations through regulation of gene expression, we
investigated whether chromatin remodeling at specific gene promoters may be a key …

The serotonin (5-HT) 1B receptor is expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) of
rodents and its homologous 5-HT1Dβ receptor is expressed in human. These receptors are …

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized mainly by symptoms of re-
experiencing, avoidance and hyperarousal as a consequence of catastrophic and traumatic …

Drugs of abuse produce widespread effects on the structure and function of neurons
throughout the brain's reward circuitry, and these changes are believed to underlie the long …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Here, we have compared the neurochemical profile of
three new cathinones, butylone, mephedrone and methylone, in terms of their potential to …