The kynurenine pathway (KP) plays a critical role in generating cellular energy in the form of
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Because energy requirements are substantially …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) protects the central nervous system (CNS) from unregulated
exposure to the blood and its contents. The BBB also controls the blood-to-brain and brain …

There is increasing recognition in the neurological and psychiatric literature of patients with
so-called isolated psychotic presentations (ie, with no, or minimal, neurological features) …

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic platform for exchange of substances between
the blood and the brain parenchyma, and it is an essential functional gatekeeper for the …

The blood coagulation protein fibrinogen is deposited in the brain in a wide range of
neurological diseases and traumatic injuries with blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a dynamic interface between the peripheral blood supply
and the cerebral parenchyma, controlling the transport of material to and from the brain …

Humans evolved within a microbial ecosystem resulting in an interlinked physiology. The gut
microbiota can signal to the brain via the immune system, the vagus nerve or other host …

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has shown tremendous promises in the
treatment of various types of tumors. However, ICB therapy with antibodies appears to be …

In this narrative review, a theoretical framework on the crosstalk between physical exercise
and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability is presented. We discuss the influence of …

This review considers efflux of substances from brain parenchyma quantified as values of
clearances (CL, stated in µL g− 1 min− 1). Total clearance of a substance is the sum of …