Sanctions are a tool used by political actors to induce foreign countries, firms or individuals
to alter their behavior. As nonmilitary coercive measure, they have the potential to disrupt the …

With ever-increasing political tensions between China and Russia on one side and the EU
and the US on the other, it only seems a matter of time until protectionist policies cause a …

We build on,) and derive a theoretically grounded criterion that allows targeting bans on
exports to a sanctioned country at the level of∼ 5,000 six-digit HS products. The criterion …

What is the most cost-efficient way to impose trade sanctions against Russia? We build a
quantitative model of international trade with input–output connections. Sanctioning …

Do economic sanctions affect internal support of sanctioned countries' governments? To
answer this question, we focus on the sanctions imposed on Russia in 2014 and identify …

How can a country design economic sanctions to maximize their economic cost to the
sanctioned country at the lowest cost to the sanctioner? I consider this problem from the …

This paper evaluates the effects of sanctions on Russia between 2014 and 2019 and the
resulting countersanctions. We estimate their impact on trade in a gravity framework …

We propose a data-based approximation of the effects of trade sanctions that can readily be
computed on the basis of international input–output data. Approximated effects are very …

This policy brief frames the discussion of sanctions imposed on Russia since the invasion of
Ukraine in a wider international and historical perspective. We present a brief review of …

Forum Sandkamp 6 2022.indd Page 1 ZBW – Leibniz Information Centre for Economics 359
Forum to the domestic economy. It is argued that this would not only increase resilience, but …