Introduction Recently, a novel hypothesis has been proposed concerning the origin of
craniovertebral junction (CVJ) abnormalities. Commonly found in patients with these entities …

OBJECTIVE The evolution of pediatric spinal instrumentation has progressed in the last 70
years since the popularization of the Harrington rod showing the feasibility of placing spinal …

Nowadays, there are still many challenges to skin regeneration. As a new type of skin
substitute, hydrogel has emerging gradually with its excellent properties. However, it is still a …

Craniovertebral junction (CVJ) deformity is a challenging pathology that can result in
progressive deformity, myelopathy, severe neck pain, and functional disability, such as …

OBJECTIVE Our understanding of pediatric cervical spine development remains incomplete.
The purpose of this analysis was to quantitatively define cervical spine growth in a …

Objectives To review developmental surgical anatomy and technical nuances related to
pediatric skull base surgery. Design Retrospective, single-center case series with literature …

The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) has attracted more attention in pediatric medicine in
recent years due to the progress in surgical technologies allowing a direct approach to the …

Background: Occipitocervical distraction injuries (OCDI) in children occur on a wide
spectrum of severity, and decisions about treatment suffer from a lack of rigorous guidelines …

OBJECTIVE There is limited literature on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and health-
related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing surgery for …

MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was carried out using the online databases
PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane database for all studies published in …