Environmental contamination with arsenic (As) is a global environmental, agricultural and
health issue due to the highly toxic and carcinogenic nature of As. Exposure of plants to As …

Approximately 5.2 billion hectare agriculture land are affected by erosion, salinity and soil
degradation. Salinity stress has significantly affecting the fertile lands, and therefore …

Heavy metal (HM)-mediated toxic effects on plants have attained considerable attention
worldwide as they directly threaten the food supply chain. Although various measures have …

Accumulation and enrichment of excessive heavy metals due to industrialization and
modernization not only devastate our ecosystem, but also pose a threat to the global …

Improper use of water resources in irrigation that contain a significant amount of salts, faulty
agronomic practices such as improper fertilization, climate change etc. are gradually …

Salinity is a major abiotic stress limiting growth and productivity of plants in many areas of
the world due to increasing use of poor quality of water for irrigation and soil salinization …

The occurrence of heavy metals in soils may be beneficial or toxic to the environment. The
biota may require some of these elements considered essentials (like Fe, Zn, Cu or Mo) in …

Heavy metal contamination of the environment through anthropogenic activities and/or
natural processes is a widespread and serious problem. Heavy metals occur in various …

Heavy metals are natural constituents of the earth's crust, but indiscriminate human activities
have drastically altered their geochemical cycles and biochemical balance. This results in …

Heavy metal (HM) toxicity is one of the major abiotic stresses leading to hazardous effects in
plants. A common consequence of HM toxicity is the excessive accumulation of reactive …