Highlights•Cells affect macromolecules with steric and 'quinary'interactions.•The crowded
cytoplasm is structured on all length scales.•Charge-hydrophobe patterning is likely …

Cells run on initiation of protein-protein interactions, which are dynamically tuned spatially
and temporally to modulate cellular events. This tuning can be physical, such as attaching …

Photobleaching limits extended imaging of fluorescent biological samples. We developed
DNA-based 'FluoroCubes' that are similar in size to the green fluorescent protein, have …

Intracellular cargo transport by kinesin family motor proteins is crucial for many cellular
processes, particularly vesicle transport in axons and dendrites. In a number of cases, the …

Kinesin is a typical molecular motor that can step processively on microtubules powered by
hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules, playing a critical role in intracellular …

Kinesin is a biological molecular motor that can move continuously on microtubule until it
unbinds. Here, we studied computationally the force dependence of the unbinding rate of …

Kinesin-1 is a major molecular motor driving the fundamental process of transport in live
cells. While the single-molecule functions of kinesin are well characterized, the …

Cytoskeletal motor proteins are biological nanomachines that convert chemical energy into
mechanical work to carry out various functions such as cell division, cell motility, cargo …

Metal ions at the active site of an enzyme act as cofactors, and their dynamic fluctuations can
potentially influence enzyme activity. Here, we use λ-exonuclease as a model enzyme with …

The self-organization of cells relies on the profound complexity of protein-protein
interactions. Challenges in directly observing these events have hindered progress toward …