Simple Summary Three weighted-stratified random-effects meta-analyses were performed to
estimate the worldwide neonatal calf diarrhoea prevalence of mixed infections of the …

The cumulative evidence that perinatal events have long-lasting ripple effects through the
life of livestock animals should impact future nutritional and management recommendations …

Perturbations in early life gut microbiota can have long-term impacts on host health. In this
study, we investigated antimicrobial-induced temporal changes in diversity, stability, and …

Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) and mortality cause significant losses to the dairy industry. The
preweaning dairy calf mortality risk in Uruguay is high (15.2%); however, causes for these …

Simple Summary Supplementation with trace minerals (TM) is a husbandry strategy to
improve cattle health. There is solid evidence of the beneficial effects of TM supplementation …

Gastrointestinal disease (GI) is the most common illness in pre-weaned dairy calves. Studies
have associated the fecal microbiome composition with health status, but it remains unclear …

Hot-iron disbudding, a husbandry procedure performed in dairy calves in which horn bud
growth is prevented through tissue cauterization, produces severe burns. Little is known …

The veal and dairy beef sectors are important outlets for surplus calves from the dairy
industry. Surplus calves are defined as calves that are not needed to produce milk, with the …

Abstract This Scientific Opinion addresses a European Commission request on the welfare
of calves as part of the Farm to Fork strategy. EFSA was asked to provide a description of …

In the framework of its Farm to Fork Strategy, the Commission is undertaking a
comprehensive evaluation of the animal welfare legislation. The present Opinion deals with …