Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disease. Despite
tremendous research efforts to understand this complex disease, the exact pathophysiology …

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are microbiome-derived glycolipids that are among the most
potent pro-inflammatory neurotoxins known. In Homo sapiens, the major sources of LPSs …

Human life expectancy has increased over the past few centuries, and the incidence of
dementia in the older population is also projected to continue to rise. Neurodegenerative …

Astrocytic metabolism has taken center stage. Interposed between the neuron and the
vasculature, astrocytes exert control over the fluxes of energy and building blocks required …

The gut–brain axis (GBA) is the umbrella term to include all bidirectional communication
between the brain and gastrointestinal (GI) tract in the mammalian body. Evidence from over …

The aetiologies and origins of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease
(AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Huntington's …

Background Diabetic cognitive dysfunction (DCD) is one of the most insidious complications
of type 2 diabetes mellitus, which can seriously affect the ability to self‐monitoring of blood …

Brain functions are influenced by the presence, activity, and metabolism of the gut
microbiota through the gut-microbiota-brain (GMB) axis. The consumption of a fiber-rich diet …

Trillions of microbes live symbiotically in the host, specifically in mucosal tissues such as the
gut. Recent advances in metagenomics and metabolomics have revealed that the gut …

The human gut microbiota (GM) is a complex and dynamic ecosystem that hosts trillions of
commensal and potentially pathogenic microorganisms. It is crucial in protecting humans …