The genus Borrelia has been divided into Borreliella spp., which can cause Lyme Disease
(LD), and Borrelia spp., which can cause Relapsing Fever (RF). The distribution of genus …

Diatoms generate nearly half of marine primary production and are comprised of a diverse
array of species that are often morphologically cryptic or difficult to identify using light …

With one exception (epidemic relapsing fever), borreliae are obligately maintained in nature
by ticks. Although some Borrelia spp. may be vertically transmitted to subsequent …

Oceanic conditions determine food availability to seabirds and affect seabird reproductive
parameters, such as breeding success, chick growth, and survival rates. In seabirds, juvenile …

Characterising within-host microbial interactions is essential to understand the drivers that
shape these interactions and their consequences for host ecology and evolution. Here, we …

Pelagic seabirds are amongst the most threatened of all avian groups. They face a range of
immunological challenges which seem destined to increase due to environmental changes …

While numerous studies have established correlations between parasite load and negative
effects on their hosts, establishing causality is more challenging because parasites can …

Interactions between wild birds and ticks exert significant selective forces, influencing the
host's evolution and fitness. Tick infestation rates vary among bird species due to life history …

Ecologists play a pivotal role in the detection and investigation of population changes in
seabirds and by doing so have significant potential to contribute to enhancing knowledge of …

Pathogens have traditionally been studied in isolation within host systems; yet in natural
settings they frequently coexist. This raises questions about the dynamics of co-infections …