The renin–angiotensin system is an important component of the cardiovascular system.
Mounting evidence suggests that the metabolic products of angiotensin I and II—initially …

Discovered more than 30 years ago, the angiotensin AT 2 receptor (AT 2 R) has evolved
from a binding site with unknown function to a firmly established major effector within the …

That the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in regulation of blood pressure,
vasoconstriction, sodium intake and potassium excretion is well established. Studies in the …

Angiotensin II (AngII), the major effector peptide of renin–angiotensin system (RAS), is now
recognized as a growth factor that regulates cell growth and fibrosis, besides being a …

The renin-angiotensin system is a major regulatory system of cardiovascular and renal
function. Basic research has revealed exciting new aspects, which could lead to novel or …

Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is one of the most powerful
maneuvers to slow progression of renal disease. Angiotensin II (AngII) has emerged in the …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has shown diverse life-
threatening effects, most of which are considered short-term. In addition to its short-term …

Although debated for many years whether haemodynamic or structural changes are more
important in the development of diabetic nephropathy, it is now clear that these processes …

The renin angiotensin system (RAS) produced hormone peptides regulate many vital body
functions. Dysfunctional signaling by receptors for RAS peptides leads to pathologic states …

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) generated a
worldwide emergency, until the declaration of the pandemic in March 2020. SARS-CoV-2 …