The uptake and metabolism of nutrients support fundamental cellular process from
bioenergetics to biomass production and cell fate regulation. While many studies of cell …

The Nrf2 transcription factor governs the expression of hundreds genes involved in cell
defense against oxidative stress, the hallmark of numerous diseases such as …

Metabolic rewiring underlies the effector functions of macrophages,–, but the mechanisms
involved remain incompletely defined. Here, using unbiased metabolomics and stable …

As knowledge of cell metabolism has advanced, glutamine has been considered an
important amino acid that supplies carbon and nitrogen to fuel biosynthesis. A recent study …

Mitochondria are traditionally known as the powerhouse of the cell, but their functions
extend far beyond energy production. They are vital in cellular and organismal pathways …

Myopia, also known as short-sightedness or near-sightedness, is a very common condition
that typically starts in childhood. Severe forms of myopia (pathologic myopia) are associated …

Mitochondria are signaling organelles that regulate a wide variety of cellular functions and
can dictate cell fate. Multiple mechanisms contribute to communicate mitochondrial fitness to …

Transcription factor NRF2 (NF-E2-related factor 2) is a master regulator of cellular responses
against environmental stresses. NRF2 induces expression of detoxification and antioxidant …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in tissue homeostasis, cellular
signaling, differentiation, and survival. In this review, we discuss the types of ROS, their …

Ferroptosis is a regulated necrosis process driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.
Although ferroptosis and cellular metabolism interplay with one another, whether …