Gambling disorder is characterized by a persistent, recurrent pattern of gambling that is
associated with substantial distress or impairment. The prevalence of gambling disorder has …

The availability of neuroimaging technology has spurred a marked increase in the human
cognitive neuroscience literature, including the study of cognitive ageing. Although there is a …

Brain dopamine (DA) has long been implicated in cognitive control processes, including
working memory. However, the precise role of DA in cognition is not well-understood, partly …

Executive function is a collection of cognitive processes essential for higher order mental
function. Processes involved in executive function include, but are not limited to, working …

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is a key enzyme in the elimination of dopamine in the
prefrontal cortex of the human brain. Genetic variation in the COMT gene (MIM 116790) has …

This review critically summarizes the neuropathology and genetics of schizophrenia, the
relationship between them, and speculates on their functional convergence. The …

While multiple theories have been put forth regarding the origin of schizophrenia, by far the
vast majority of evidence points to the neurodevelopmental model in which developmental …

We review the modulatory effects of the catecholamine neurotransmitters noradrenaline and
dopamine on prefrontal cortical function. The effects of pharmacologic manipulations of …

Instrumental learning involves corticostriatal circuitry and the dopaminergic system. This
system is typically modeled in the reinforcement learning (RL) framework by incrementally …

Genes are major contributors to many psychiatric diseases, but their mechanisms of action
have long seemed elusive. The intermediate phenotype concept represents a strategy for …