As digital imaging and computing power increasingly develop, so too does the potential to
use these technologies in ophthalmology. Image processing, analysis and computer vision …

To achieve scientific progress in terms of building a cumulative body of knowledge, careful
attention to benchmarking is of the utmost importance, requiring that proposals of new …

Grouping the objects based on their similarities is an important common task in machine
learning applications. Many clustering methods have been developed, among them k …

The term" fuzzy logic," as it is understood in this book, stands for all aspects of representing
and manipulating knowledge based on the rejection of the most fundamental principle of …

The continuously growing amount of available data has accelerated the emergence of
numerous business intelligence applications that are summarized under the term Big Data …

859 theory lies at the crossroads between fuzzy sets, probability, and nonmonotonic
reasoning. Possibility theory is closely related to fuzzy sets if one considers that a possibility …

Computational Intelligence comprises concepts, paradigms, algorithms, and
implementations of systems that are supposed to exhibit intelligent behavior in complex …

Geographical data are used in so many aspects of our lives today, ranging from disaster
relief operations through to finding directions on our mobile phones. We can all be data …

A unified, coherent treatment of current classifier ensemble methods, from fundamentals of
pattern recognition to ensemble feature selection, now in its second edition The art and …

The history of triangular norms started with the paper" Statistical metrics"[Menger 1942]. The
main idea of Karl Menger was to construct metric spaces where probability distributions …