Sexual reproduction is pervasive in animals and has led to the evolution of sexual
dimorphism. In most animals, males and females show marked differences in primary and …

While shifts in organismal biology stemming from climate change are receiving increased
attention, we know relatively little about how organisms respond to other forms of …

Urbanization can compromise biodiversity as cities expand further into native landscapes.
The urban heat island (UHI) describes elevated urban temperatures due to heat retained by …

Widow spiders belong to the cosmopolitan genus Latrodectus (Araneae: Theridiidae), of
which five species are found in North America. In part due to their medical importance and …

Risks of sociality, including competition and conspecific aggression, are particularly
pronounced in venomous invertebrates such as arachnids. Spiders show a wide range of …

Adult female spiders lay batches of eggs in silken egg sacs, and after hatching, the
spiderlings live for transient periods in their mother's web before dispersing. Sibling …

Sibling cannibalism—the killing and consumption of conspecifics within broods—carries a
high risk of direct and inclusive fitness loss for parents and offspring. We reported previously …

Cannibalism is a behavior that different species of fish exhibit in the early stages of their life,
and it has been widely reported. In Tabasco, Mexico, the ancestral species Atractosteus …

Scolytinae (bark beetle) is one of the most detrimental pests on the Chongming Island. It is
desirable to understand the behaviour of the Scolytinae throughout its life cycle. Behaviour …

Los avances tecnológicos y científicos de la acuicultura y maricultura han permitido un
crecimiento notable en estas actividades económicas a nivel global. Asimismo, este …