Venoms are products of specialized glands and serve many living organisms to immobilize
and kill prey, start digestive processes and act as a defense mechanism. Venoms affect …

Bitis arietans is a snake of medical importance, as it is responsible for more accidents in
humans and domestic animals than all other African snakes put together. The accidents are …

Vipera palaestinae is responsible for many venomous incidents in the Middle East.
However, this species is not included in the antigenic pool of venoms for the production of …

The venomic profile of Asian mountain pit viper Ovophis monticola is clarified in the present
study. Using mass spectrometry-based proteomics, 247 different proteins were identified in …

King cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) venom comprises a diverse array of proteins and
peptides. However, the roles and properties of these individual components are still not fully …

Snakes show defensive activities, often counting visual or auditory displays against an
aggressor. The study observed what happens to rats administered subcutaneously sub …

The sting of different wasp species triggers local and systemic reactions in victims that can
lead to death. Parachartergus fraternus is responsible for frequent accidents in Latin …

Snake venoms contain various molecules known for activating innate immunity and causing
local effects associated with increased vascular permeability, such as vascular leakage and …

Background: Pain and inflammation are closely associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA),
which affects the bones and joints. Aim: While there are a number of therapeutic options for …

The immune system plays an important role in the body's response to numerous
environmental factors, including snake venom toxins. The composition of snake venom and …