The execution and learning of diverse movements involve neuronal networks distributed
throughout the nervous system. The brainstem and basal ganglia are key for processing …

Durations are defined by a beginning and an end, and a major distinction is drawn between
durations that start in the present and end in the future ('prospective timing') and durations …

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a neuromodulation therapy for a broad and expanding set
of neurologic conditions. However, the mechanism through which VNS influences central …

Optical microscopy methods such as calcium and voltage imaging enable fast activity
readout of large neuronal populations using light. However, the lack of corresponding …

A hallmark of adaptation in humans and other animals is our ability to control how we think
and behave across different settings. Research has characterized the various forms …

Dopamine signals in the striatum are critical for motivated behavior. However, their regional
specificity and precise information content are actively debated. Dopaminergic projections to …

The strength of cortical connectivity to the striatum influences the balance between
behavioral variability and stability. Learning to consistently produce a skilled action requires …

The in vivo firing patterns of ventral midbrain dopamine neurons are controlled by afferent
and intrinsic activity to generate sensory cue and prediction error signals that are essential …

What happens in the brain when we learn? Ever since the foundational work of Cajal, the
field has made numerous discoveries as to how experience could change the structure and …

How do patterns of neural activity in the motor cortex contribute to the planning of a
movement? A recent theory developed for single movements proposes that the motor cortex …