Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced by all domains of life. In Gram-negative bacteria,
EVs are produced by the pinching off of the outer membrane; however, how EVs escape the …

An effective immune response requires the engagement of host receptors by pathogen‐
derived molecules and the stimulation of an appropriate cellular response. Therefore, a …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, are released by different
cell types and participate in physiological and pathophysiological processes. EVs mediate …

Cryptococcus neoformans is an encapsulated fungal pathogen that causes infection in
immunocompromised individuals such as HIV patients, organ transplant patients …

It is known that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are shed from cells of almost every type of cell or
organism, showing their ubiquity in all empires of life. EVs are defined as naturally released …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a ubiquitous mechanism for transferring
information between cells and organisms across all three kingdoms of life. In addition to their …

Among fungal pathogens, Cryptococcus neoformans has gained great importance among
the scientific community of several reasons. This fungus is the causative agent of …

The production of melanin significantly enhances the virulence of many important human
pathogenic fungi. Despite fungal melanin's importance in human disease, as well as …

Sporotrichosis, caused by Sporothrix schenckii and related species, is the most frequent
implantation mycosis in Latin America. In Argentina, over the last 8 years, there have been …

To communicate, cells are known to release in their environment proteins which bind to
receptors on surrounding cells. But cells also secrete more complex structures, called …