The review will discuss the methods that have been optimized so far for the enzymatic
hydrolysis of soapstock into enriched mixtures of free fatty acids, in order to offer a …

Fungi have a diverse spectrum of extracellular enzymes. In nature, extracellular enzymes
primarily serve to procure nutrients for the survival and growth of the fungi. Complex …

Lipase is one of the most used industrial enzymes, which can be produced by Aspergillus
niger. Large scale production of Aspergillus niger lipase is more profitable by using solid …

The influence of different carbon sources (glucose (G), olive oil (O), and a combination of
both (GO)) in the physiology (biomass and lipase production) and morphology (light and …

Lipases are triacylglycerol hydrolases that catalyze hydrolysis, esterification,
interesterification, and transesterification reactions. These enzymes are targets of several …

The population growth is causing an increase in the generation of effluents (mainly organic
fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and agro-industrial waste), which is an old …

Abstract Bio-diesel is a fuel produced by transesterification reaction of oil or fat in the
presence of a catalyst. It is an alternate renewable source for petrol and diesel, which helps …

Riccinus communis (castor) seed cake is a by-product generated after oil extraction from the
seed. This deoiled seed cake contains a toxic protein ricin that restricts its application in …

Lipase is an important group of biocatalysts, which combines versatility and specificity, and
can catalyze several reactions when applied in a high amount of industrial processes. In this …

Proteases, also known as proteinases or proteolytic enzymes, belong to a group of
hydrolases. It can be applied in numerous fields and industries. Solid-state fermentation …