Although classically known as an endocrine signal produced by the ovary, 17β-estradiol (E
2) is also a neurosteroid produced in neurons and astrocytes in the brain of many different …

It was initially believed that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) arose primarily from
endogenous sources, and that excess amounts were only present in patients with diabetes …

Androgens are essential for the development and maintenance of male reproductive tissues
and sexual function and for overall health and well being. Testosterone, the predominant …

The steroid hormone 17b-estradiol and the peptide hormone insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-
1 independently exert neuroprotective actions in neurologic diseases such as stroke. Only a …

Steroid hormones synthesized in and secreted from peripheral endocrine glands pass
through the blood‐brain barrier and play a role in the central nervous system. In addition, the …

The laminar organization of the motor cortex of the sheep and other large domestic
herbivores received scarce attention and is generally considered homologous to that of …

The purpose of this study was to compare steroid hormone concentration levels in the
vitreous and serum of vitreoretinal disease patients to elucidate the possibility of …

Astroglial account for the largest glial population in the brain and play a variety of vital
functions in the development of the central nervous system (CNS). An immunohistochemical …

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease involving motor neurons
in the motor cortex, brainstem and spinal cord. ALS leads to progressive, aggravated muscle …

Studies of aromatase in the brain of fish has for decades produced surprising findings that
challenge our assumptions about brain aromatase in comparison with what is known in …