Motivated by the rising attention of businesses and regulators towards how digital
transformation can assist sustainability improvement, this paper sheds light on the …

Urbanization is a continuous process for a city's economic development. Though rapid
urbanization provides a huge employment opportunity for people, urban threats also …

Transformer, an attention-based encoder–decoder model, has already revolutionized the
field of natural language processing (NLP). Inspired by such significant achievements, some …

The three-pillar conception of (social, economic and environmental) sustainability,
commonly represented by three intersecting circles with overall sustainability at the centre …

In recent years, the concept of smart sustainable cities has come to the fore. And it is rapidly
gaining momentum and worldwide attention as a promising response to the challenge of …

City assessment tools can be used as support for decision making in urban development as
they provide assessment methodologies for cities to show the progress towards defined …

As the term “smart city” gains wider and wider currency, there is still confusion about what a
smart city is, especially since several similar terms are often used interchangeably. This …

City managers need indicators for target setting, performance assessment, monitoring,
management and decision-making purposes. The choice of the most suitable indicator …

The analysis of urban sustainability is key to urban planning, and its usefulness extends to
smart cities. Analyses of urban quality typically focus on applying methodologies that …

The consideration of local contexts in urban sustainability assessment is important for
developing countries because of their varying needs and priorities. Using Iraq as a case …