Breathing is peculiar among autonomic functions through several characteristics. It
generates a very rich afferent traffic from an array of structures belonging to the respiratory …

Symmorphosis is a concept of economy of biological design, whereby structural properties
are matched to functional demands. According to symmorphosis, biological structures are …

Now with videos! Dysphagia Following Stroke, Third Edition is a practical and easy-to-use
resource for clinicians treating swallowing disorders in the stroke population. The authors …

Motor neurons (MNs) within the nucleus ambiguus innervate the skeletal muscles of the
larynx, pharynx and oesophagus, which are essential for swallow. Disordered swallow …

Chronic pain is one of the most common reasons adults seek medical care and is often
managed with opioid analgesics; however, opioids may cause respiratory depression by …

Midcervical spinal cord contusion injury results in tissue damage, disruption of spinal
pathways, and motor neuron loss. Unilateral C4 contusion results in loss of 40%–50% of …

The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), the leading cause of postneonatal infant mortality
in the United States, is typically associated with a sleep period. Previously, we showed …

Chronic cough is a significant problem, and in many patients cough remains refractive to
both disease-specific therapies and current cough-suppressing medicines, creating a need …

The lateral parafacial region (pFL; which encompasses the parafacial respiratory group,
pFRG) is a conditional oscillator that drives active expiration during periods of high …

The brainstem has long been recognized as the major respiratory control center, but it has
become increasingly appreciated that areas upstream of the brainstem modulate respiration …