Introduction Throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, wastewater
surveillance has been utilized to monitor the disease in the United States through routine …

Giardiasis is among the ignored zoonotic illnesses accorded by the World Health
Organization that is caused by Giardia duodenalis. The disease is ignored regardless of the …

This study develops a deterministic compartmental model that tracks Giardiasis's direct and
indirect transmission dynamics. The study begins by constructing a model incorporating four …

Amoebiasis is a disease caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. It is often
asymptomatic but may cause dysentery and invasive extraintestinal infection in humans. To …

This article focuses on the age structured model with delay. Our aim is to study both the
stability of the equilibrium points and the vaccination impact on the disease evolution. For …

This study develops a deterministic compartmental model that tracks Giardiasis's direct and
indirect transmission dynamics. The study begins by constructing a model incorporating four …

In this paper, we present three mathematical models of epidemiology. In each of the models,
we present a scenario where constant and logistic recruitment rate are incorporated in each …

Hepatitis B virus infection shall remain a public health concern in many developed and
developing countries. In this paper, we formulate and analyse a simple fuzzy fractional …

Giardiasis, caused by the protozoan parasite Giardia intestinalis, poses a significant public
health burden worldwide, particularly in regions with limited access to clean water and …