Abiotic stresses, such as low or high temperature, deficient or excessive water, high salinity,
heavy metals, and ultraviolet radiation, are hostile to plant growth and development, leading …

In natural environments, plants are exposed to diverse microbiota that they interact with in
complex ways. While plant–pathogen interactions have been intensely studied to …

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi facilitate plant uptake of mineral nutrients and draw
organic nutrients from the plant. Organic nutrients are thought to be supplied primarily in the …

Nanoenabled foliar-applied agrochemicals can potentially be safer and more efficient than
conventional products. However, limited understanding about how nanoparticle properties …

Abstract Approximately 4.8–12.7 million tons of plastic waste has been estimated to be
discharged into marine environments annually by wind and river currents. The Ellen …

In nature, plants constantly have to face pathogen attacks. However, plant disease rarely
occurs due to efficient immune systems possessed by the host plants. Pathogens are …

Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates various aspects of plant physiology, including promoting seed
dormancy and adaptive responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. In addition, ABA plays an …

Transcription factors (TFs) play a significant role in signal transduction networks spanning
the perception of a stress signal and the expression of corresponding stress-responsive …

The evolutionary features and molecular innovations that enabled plants to first colonize
land are not well understood. Here, insights are provided through our report of the genome …

Fatty acids and lipids, which are major and essential constituents of all plant cells, not only
provide structural integrity and energy for various metabolic processes but can also function …