Microplastic pollution is becoming a major issue for human health due to the recent
discovery of microplastics in most ecosystems. Here, we review the sources, formation …

Micro-and nanoplastics (MNPs) are recognized as emerging contaminants, especially in
food, with unknown health significance. MNPs passing through the gastrointestinal tract …

Because of the sex-gender differences that are shown in a diversity of physiological and
psychological factors, it can be speculated that the clinical presentation of symptoms as well …

Several chemicals with widespread consumer uses have been identified as endocrine-
disrupting compounds (EDCs), with a potential risk to humans. The occurrence in indoor …

Nowadays, people are exposed to diverse environmental and chemical pollutants produced
by industry and agriculture. Food contaminations such as persistent organic pollutants …

Energy balance involves the adjustment of food intake, energy expenditure and body fat
reserves through homeostatic pathways. These pathways include a multitude of biochemical …

According to epidemiological studies, twice as many women as men are affected by irritable
bowel syndrome (IBS) in western countries, suggesting a role for sex hormones in IBS …

Background Oral contraceptive use has been associated with risk of Crohn's disease (CD)
and ulcerative colitis (UC). Objective To determine whether this association is confounded or …

Bisphenol A (BPA), a widely used industrial compound worldwide, was recently classified as
an environmental toxicant. The intestines and liver are responsible for detoxification in …

Background Globally, the incidence rates of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are
increasing; however, data from high‐incidence areas are conflicting. Previous studies in …