Biomimetic material development takes inspiration from biological materials and organisms
that possess extraordinary properties or appearance, such as excellent mechanical strength …

Multiscale structures of biological materials exhibit inherent multifunctional integration. This
special biological solution provides some inspiration for scientists and engineers to design …

Rigid biological systems are increasingly becoming a source of inspiration for the fabrication
of next generation advanced functional materials due to their diverse hierarchical structures …

We show how nacre and pearl construction in bivalve and gastropod molluscs can be
understood in terms of successive processes of controlled self-assembly from the molecular …

Raman spectroscopy was used to study vaterite samples of biological, geological and
synthetic origin. The Raman band positions and the full width at half‐maximum (FWHM) of …

The biogenic polymer/mineral composite nacre is a non-brittle biological ceramic, which self-
organises in aqueous environment and under ambient conditions. It is therefore an …

Many animals convergently evolved photosynthetic symbioses. In bivalves, giant clams
(Cardiidae: Tridacninae) gape open to irradiate their symbionts, but heart cockles …

Organic crystals are widely used by animals to manipulate light for producing structural
colors and for improving vision. To date only seven crystal types are known to be used, and …

Raman spectroscopy is a powerful tool in identifying different calcium carbonate
polymorphs. Here, the method is applied to cultured pearls from freshwater (genus …

Heteromorphs are ammonoids forming a conch with detached whorls (open coiling) or non‐
planispiral coiling. Such aberrant forms appeared convergently four times within this extinct …