In 1979, China introduced its unprecedented one-child policy, under which households
exceeding the birth quota were penalized. However, estimating the effect of this policy on …

We examine how China's “Later, Longer, Fewer”(LLF) policies in the early 1970s affect the
quality of life of the Chinese elderly forty years later. We identify the causal impact of the LLF …

In recent years, the phenomenon of delayed age at first marriage and declining fertility in
China has become increasingly prominent, and high housing prices may be one of the …

Although disputed, population is often used to measure shrinking cities. Facing by this
challenge, this paper proposes an alternative indicator, average human capital (HC), to …

Exploiting a genealogy of English individuals living in the 16th to the 19th centuries, this
study shows that lower parental reproductive capacity positively affected the socio-economic …

Using longitudinal data from the 2014–2018 China Family Panel Studies, we investigate the
impact of internet use (IU) on fertility among reproductive-age women. We find that IU …

We quantify how air pollution distorts individuals' fertility behaviors in China. We document a
robust pattern in which increased pollution over time negatively affects the fertility decisions …

BACKGROUND China introduced its world-famous One-Child Policy in 1979. However, its
fertility appears to have declined even faster in the early 1970s than it did after 1979. The …

This paper examines the influence of housing wealth on fertility outcomes through a
regression discontinuity design based on a 2006 Chinese housing-market policy. Our …

To ease pressure from the aging population, the Chinese government implemented a two-
child policy for couples where either the husband or the wife is from a single-child family in …