The thermal use of the shallow subsurface is increasingly being promoted and implemented
as one of many promising measures for saving energy. A series of questions arises …

Increasing anthropogenic impacts lead to elevated temperatures of the shallow subsurface,
including the unsaturated and groundwater saturated zone, in many urban areas in …

Open-loop groundwater heat pumps (GWHPs) are considered one of the most energy
efficient and environmentally friendly air-conditioning systems for temperate zones. A …

To sustainably plan the use of subsurface resources, a discussion about thermal
management is needed, as well as a more coordinated and efficient thermal use of …

Seasonal storage and extraction of heat in legacy coal mines could help decarbonize the
space heating sector of many localities. The modelled evolution of a conceptual mine-water …

A fundamental aspect in Groundwater Heat Pump (GWHP) plant design is the correct
evaluation of the Thermal Affected Zone (TAZ) that develops around the injection well, which …

One solution for reducing the current consumption of fossil fuels is a more frequent use of
shallow geothermal energy. However, particularly regarding urban subsurface resources …

Groundwater heat pump (GWHP) system enables to exploit additional value of groundwater
as a promising renewable energy resource. This study suggested a simulation-optimization …

Active thermal tracer testing is a technique to get information about the flow and transport
properties of an aquifer. In this paper we propose an innovative methodology using active …

Groundwater heat pump (GWHP) system directly uses a stable temperature of groundwater
for cooling and heating of buildings or districts. In this study, a simulation-optimization model …