The measurement of fitness is critical to biological research. Although the determination of
fitness for some organisms may be relatively straightforward under controlled conditions, it is …

Plant studies that have investigated the fitness consequences of growing with siblings have
found conflicting evidence that can support different theoretical frameworks. Depending on …

Biological responses to climate change have been widely documented across taxa and
regions, but it remains unclear whether species are maintaining a good match between …

Does natural selection act primarily on individual organisms, on groups, on genes, or on
whole species? Samir Okasha provides a comprehensive analysis of the debate in …

Growing concern about the influence of climate change on flowering plants, pollinators, and
the mutualistic interactions between them has led to a recent surge in research. Much of this …

Interactions among conspecifics influence social evolution through two distinct but intimately
related paths. First, they provide the opportunity for indirect genetic effects (IGEs), where …

The theory of evolution by natural selection is, perhaps, the crowning intellectual
achievement of the biological sciences. There is considerable debate, though, about which …

We investigated the distribution of genetic variation within and between seven
subpopulations in a riparian population of Silene tatarica in northern Finland by using …

1. Plants recognize their kin and respond to growing with relatives with changes in functional
traits. Here, we integrate competition and evolutionary theory to evaluate these changes. 2 …

Climate change can alter species interactions essential for maintaining biodiversity and
ecosystem function, such as pollination. Understanding the interactive effects of multiple …