For the last two decades, pathogenic concepts in Parkinson disease (PD) have revolved
around the toxicity and spread of α-synuclein. Thus, α-synuclein would follow caudo-rostral …

Background The literature regarding clinical olfaction, olfactory loss, and olfactory
dysfunction has expanded rapidly over the past two decades, with an exponential rise in the …

The sense of smell is interrelated with psychosocial functioning. Olfactory disorders often
decrease quality of life but treatment options for people with olfactory loss are limited …

Background Disorders of the sense of smell have received greater attention because of the
frequency with which they occur as a symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Olfactory …

Olfaction is a sense involved in a complex set of tasks, influencing eating behavior,
increasing awareness of environmental hazards and affecting social communication …

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and is
increasing in incidence. The combination of motor and non-motor symptoms makes this a …

Despite clinical evidence of poor oral health and hygiene in Parkinson's disease (PD)
patients, the mouth is often overlooked by both patients and the medical community, who …

Among non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's Disease (PD), peripheral, sensory
symptoms are particularly relevant. Smell dysfunction starts very early and frequently …

Background and Objective: Olfactory dysfunction (hyposmia) is an important non-motor
symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). To investigate the potential prognostic value of …

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Diagnosis of
FTD, especially the behavioural variant, is challenging because of symptomatic overlap with …