Das vorliegende Handbuch soll einen Überblick über die Befragungen des ifo Instituts
sowie die daraus resultierenden Konjunkturindikatoren und deren Verwendung für die …

Comprehensive and international comparable leading indicators across countries and
continents are rare. In this paper, we use a free and instantaneous available source of …

Abstract The ifo Institute is Germany's largest business survey provider, with the ifo Business
Climate Germany as one of the most important leading indicators for gross domestic product …

This study aims to refine unemployment forecasts by incorporating the degree of consensus
in consumers' expectations. With this objective, we first model the unemployment rate in …

As one of the main pillars of the ifo Institute's economic research, the ifo Business Survey
has been conducted monthly since 1949, a year after the foundation of the ifo Institute. Since …

In this study we present a novel approach to measure the level of consensus among agents'
expectations. The proposed framework allows us to design a positional indicator that gives …

The article describes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the digitalization and foreign
economic activity of states. The authors analysed a macroeconomic situation and …

In this study, we systematically evaluate the potential of a bunch of survey-based indicators
from different economic branches to forecasting export growth across a multitude of …

In this study, we evaluate whether survey-based indicators produce lower forecast errorsfor
export growth than indicators obtained from hard data such as price and …

The paper studies the link between yearly behavioural expectations and technology
adoption decisions of entrepreneurs and managers in the temporal context. According to our …