Objective: To quantify benefit and harm of epidural analgesia, compared with systemic
opioid analgesia, in adults having surgery under general anesthesia. Background: It …

Thoracic epidural anaesthesia (TEA) reduces cardiac and splanchnic sympathetic activity
and thereby influences perioperative function of vital organ systems. A recent meta-analysis …

Whenever possible, the recommendations listed in this document are evidence based.
Articles reviewed in this guideline revision covered evidence from the past 10 years through …

Background: Perioperative central neuraxial analgesia may improve outcome after coronary
artery bypass surgery due to attenuation of stress response and superior analgesia …

The review found that thoracic epidural analgesia with general anaesthesia in patients who
underwent cardiac surgery reduced supraventricular arrhythmia and respiratory …

Studies of regional anesthesia are increasing in popularity not only for the purpose of
technical advancement, but also to better understand the effects of neural deafferentation on …

Background General anaesthesia combined with epidural analgesia may have a beneficial
effect on clinical outcomes. However, use of epidural analgesia for cardiac surgery is …

OBJECTIVE: The authors conducted a review of randomized studies to determine whether
there were any advantages for clinically relevant outcomes by adding epidural analgesia in …

Background Patients usually suffer acute pain after cardiac surgery. Numerous regional
anesthetic techniques have been used for those patients under general anesthesia. The …

To assess the accuracy of increased troponin (Tn) concentrations for the prediction of mid-
term (≥ 12 months) mortality after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and valve surgery …