Progress within physical oceanography has been concurrent with the increasing
sophistication of tools available for its study. The incorporation of machine learning (ML) …

Decadal variability of the North Pacific subtropical mode water (STMW) and its influence on
the upper thermocline and mixed layer are examined in a four-dimensional variational …

This study investigates the variability of water mass transformation (WMT) within the Weddell
Gyre (WG). The WG serves as a pivotal site for the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) …

Using a suite of coupled climate models and an extensive set of ocean heat budget
diagnostics, we address the relative roles of heat convergence and surface heat flux in …

Abstract In the equatorial Indian Ocean, the largest subseasonal temperature variations in
the upper ocean are observed below the mixed layer. Subsurface processes can influence …

Ocean warming patterns are a primary control on regional sea level rise and transient
climate sensitivity. However, controls on these patterns in both observations and models are …

The upper ocean salinity in the eastern subpolar North Atlantic undergoes decadal
fluctuations. A large fresh anomaly event occurred during 2012–2016. Using the ECCOv4r4 …

This study investigates the variability of water mass transformation (WMT) within the Weddell
Gyre (WG). The WG serves as a pivotal site for the meridional overturning circulation (MOC) …

The marine biological carbon pump (BCP) leads to the transfer of carbon from the
atmosphere to the ocean interior through the growth of photosynthetic plankton in the …

The framework of this dissertation work relies heavily on the water mass transformation
theory (WMT). The theory conceptualizes the explicit relationship between mechanical and …