When discussing research in physics and in science more generally, it is common to ascribe
equal importance to the three components of the scientific trinity: theoretical, experimental …

Advent of satellite altimetry brought into focus the pervasiveness of mesoscale eddies O
(100) km in size, which are the ocean's analogue of weather systems and are often regarded …

Here, we present an estimate for the ocean's global scale transfer of kinetic energy (KE),
across scales from 10 to 40,000 km. Oceanic KE transfer between gyre scales and …

We generalize the “filtering spectrum” to probe scales along different directions by spatial
coarse-graining. This multidimensional filtering spectrum quantifies the spectral content of …

The digital twin of the ocean (DTO) is a groundbreaking concept that uses interactive
simulations to improve decision-making and promote sustainability in earth science. The …

A long-standing challenge in dynamical oceanography is to distinguish nonlinearly
intermingled dynamical regimes of oceanic flows. Conventional approaches focus on time …

Lewis Fry Richardson proposed his famous picture of turbulent flows in 1922, where the
kinetic energy is transferred from large-scale to small-scale structures until the viscosity …

Using a 26-year average of a dynamically consistent ECCO state-estimate, an effort is made
to find a few simple descriptive, but quantitative, patterns of properties of the ocean …

The problem of classifying turbulent environments from partial observation is key for some
theoretical and applied fields, from engineering to earth observation and astrophysics, eg, to …

The lunar surface contains a wide variety of topographic shapes and features, each with
different distributions and scales, and any analysis technique to objectively measure …