Cyber-attacks are becoming more sophisticated and thereby presenting increasing
challenges in accurately detecting intrusions. Failure to prevent the intrusions could degrade …

Over the last three decades, Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs), particularly,
Anomaly Detection Systems (ADSs), have become more significant in detecting novel …

In a previous research, a multi-agent artificial immune system for network intrusion detection
and classification was proposed and tested, where a multi-layer detection and classification …

Botnets have carved a niche in contemporary networking and cybersecurity due to the
impact of their operations. The botnet threat continues to evolve and adapt to …

Recently, the severe intensification of atmospheric carbon has highlighted the importance of
urban tree contributions in atmospheric carbon mitigations in city areas considering …

A reasonably good network intrusion detection system generally requires a high detection
rate and a low false alarm rate in order to predict anomalies more accurately. Older datasets …

The increased usage of Internet, E-business, and social network enables attack behaviour
with diverse fashions. A Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) is software which can …

With the development of networks, the number of network attacks is increasing
exponentially. The need for a network security system is becoming more and more important …

Currently, Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is an essential component of network security,
which can detect abnormal access data or attacks. Misuse detection or anomaly detection is …

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) are used to detect malicious actions on information
systems such as computing and networking systems. Abnormal behaviors or activities on the …